• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A drilling system (10) for a vertical well in a soil (S) in a substantially vertical theoretical drilling path, comprising a drilling device (30) having a hollow core (32) having an axis longitudinal, the hollow core being provided with a drilling tool; a rotary pilot device (40) having an active state in which the pilot device is oriented and maintained with respect to the ground (S) in an angular position of correction, and a passive state in which the pilot device does not modify the displacement path the drilling device; a device (80) for measuring the deviation of the hollow core; a control device configured to pivot the pilot device when a deflection is measured, to bring it into its active state in a given correction angular position so that, considered in the horizontal plane, the correction direction of trajectory associated with the angular correction position is opposite to the direction of deviation.
    公开号:FR3068380A1
    申请号:FR1756218
    申请日:2017-06-30
    公开日:2019-01-04
    发明作者:Gerard Cardona
    申请人:Soletanche Freyssinet SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Invention background
    The present invention relates to the field of manufacturing deep foundations in a ground, and in particular the field of support by columns, such as piles. It also relates to the production of foundation piles in low level, the manufacture of watertight screens produced using secant piles, and more generally the production of any type of wall in secant or contiguous piles, whatever the function of said wall.
    By column or pile support is meant all types of support for which piles are installed in the ground: Parisian wall, Berlin wall, secant pile wall, adjoining pile wall, etc.
    The piles are generally made of concrete or grout. They can also be obtained by a technique of mixing soil and a binder, generally called "soil-mixing".
    The piles can be reinforced, for example by using a reinforcement cage, a tube or a metal profile.
    To make such piles, it is known to use a drilling device called a continuous auger. The drilling device comprises a hollow core comprising a drilling tool consisting of a helical blade. With this type of drilling device, the drilling of the well is carried out in a single descent of the auger to the required depth. To make the column, the grout or concrete is injected from the lower end of the auger during the ascent of the auger.
    For retaining structures, it is important to guarantee the position of the piles regardless of their depth in order to guarantee the geometry of the spaces created in the basement.
    Similarly, for foundation piles whose upper level is located at a certain depth of the working platform, the actual position of the pile at this depth must be guaranteed.
    However, during drilling carried out using a continuous auger, the drilling trajectory is often poorly controlled so that deviations which are sometimes large compared to the theoretical drilling trajectory, generally vertical, are observed.
    By deflection, we generally mean the distance between the actual position of the auger with respect to its theoretical position, at a given depth. It is generally defined as the distance between the actual position and the theoretical position divided by the depth and expressed as a percentage, the distance being generally considered in a horizontal plane.
    Some continuous augers have deviations of up to 5%, while deviation tolerances for retaining structures are generally less than 0.5%.
    Subject and summary of the invention
    An object of the present invention is to propose a system for drilling a well in a soil making it possible to reduce the risk of deviation from the theoretical trajectory.
    To do this, the invention relates to a system for drilling a well in a ground according to a substantially vertical theoretical drilling trajectory, characterized in that it comprises:
    a drilling device comprising a hollow core having a longitudinal axis, the hollow core being provided with a drilling tool;
    a first rotating device for rotating, around the longitudinal axis, the hollow core and the drilling tool;
    a connecting element extending inside the hollow core;
    a pilot device arranged at the lower end of the connecting element; the pilot device presenting:
    an active state in which the pilot device is oriented and maintained relative to the ground in an angular correction position, so as to correct the displacement path of the drilling device in a trajectory correction direction considered in a horizontal plane, and a passive state in which the pilot device does not modify the movement path of the drilling device;
    a device for measuring the deviation of the hollow core in order to identify a possible deviation between the movement trajectory of the drilling device and the theoretical drilling trajectory and determining a direction of deviation of the drilling device with respect to the theoretical drilling trajectory, said deflection direction being considered in the horizontal plane;
    a control device configured to, when a deviation is measured, bring the pilot device in its active state into a determined angular correction position so that, considered in the horizontal plane, the direction of trajectory correction associated with the position correction angle is opposite to the deviation direction.
    Within the meaning of the invention, by rotation means the fact of rotating or pivoting the connecting element around the longitudinal axis on one or more turns, or even on a fraction of a turn, in one direction or in the other.
    By column is meant any supporting element, and in particular a molded pile.
    By substantially vertical is meant a direction of drilling whose deviation from the vertical is between 0 ° and 5 °, preferably between 0 ° and 1 °.
    Within the meaning of the invention, the theoretical drilling trajectory can be predetermined before the drilling operation, or else determined during drilling with respect to the geometry or the orientation of a neighboring column previously constructed in the ground in order to '' obtain two juxtaposed and intersecting columns according to their common length.
    It is understood that the pilot device, in particular in its passive state, can rotate relative to the hollow core, in the same direction or in an opposite direction. Without departing from the scope of the present invention, in its passive state, the pilot device can also be locked in rotation relative to the hollow core.
    It is also understood that the pilot device, at least in its active state, extends axially outside the hollow core, beyond its lower end.
    When a deviation of the displacement trajectory from the theoretical drilling trajectory is detected by the deviation measuring device, the pilot device is brought into its active state in order to correct the trajectory of the drilling device. To do this, the pilot device is oriented and maintained relative to the ground in the angular correction position, the latter being determined so that the pilot device modifies the trajectory of the hollow core during the advancement of the drilling device, to reduce the deviation from the theoretical drilling path. By “holding in the angular correction position” is meant an angular holding of more or less 10 °, preferably 5 °, around said position.
    Preferably, the pilot device is maintained relative to the ground by blocking the pilot device in rotation relative to the ground in the angular correction position.
    The modification of the trajectory of displacement of the hollow core is obtained by the fact that the pilot device during its displacement in the ground in its active state, tends to move in a direction inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis of the 'hollow core, which has the effect of rotating it in a vertical plane.
    According to an advantageous embodiment, the drilling system further comprises a second device for rotating, connected to the connecting element, for rotating the connecting element and the pilot device around the longitudinal axis, the connecting element is able to rotate relative to the hollow core, and the control device is configured to actuate the second rotation device when a deviation is measured in order to bring the pilot device into its active state in said angular correction position.
    In this embodiment, the orientation of the pilot device in its angular correction position is therefore achieved by the second rotation device which rotates the connecting element relative to the ground. Locking in rotation relative to the ground of the pilot device is preferably carried out by the second device for rotating.
    Once the trajectory has been corrected, the pilot device is returned to its passive state.
    By "opposite to the direction of deviation" is meant that the direction of trajectory correction is directed in a direction opposite to the direction of deviation, without the correction direction necessarily being parallel to the direction of deviation.
    Advantageously, the control device further comprises a calculation device for calculating the angular correction position from the direction of deviation determined by the measurement device.
    Preferably, said horizontal plane in which the direction of deflection extends has a reference provided with at least one axis, and the angular position of the pilot device is determined from an angle between said axis of the reference and the direction of deviation.
    According to a first embodiment, the pilot device is configured to rotate in the same direction and at the same speed as the hollow core, when said pilot device is in the passive state.
    To do this, the drilling device preferably comprises a coupling device for blocking the rotation of the pilot device relative to the hollow core when said pilot device is in the passive state.
    This coupling device comprises for example a dog clutch.
    According to a second embodiment, the second device for rotating is configured to rotate the pilot device in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of the hollow core, when said pilot device is in the passive state.
    The opposite rotation of the hollow core and of the pilot device has the effect of avoiding modifying the movement path of the drilling device.
    According to another embodiment, the pilot device is also movable in translation relative to the hollow core, the drilling system further comprising a displacement device for displacing the pilot device in translation relative to the core hollow along the longitudinal axis, so that the pilot device has a deployed position and a retracted position.
    In this other embodiment, the drilling system may or may not include the second aforementioned rotation device. In the variant in which the second rotation device is absent, it is possible to provide disengageable coupling means of the dog clutch type in order to couple the hollow core and the pilot device in rotation. In this case, the pilot device is brought into the angular correction position by actuating the first rotation device, the pilot device then being coupled in rotation with the hollow core. To correct the trajectory, the pilot device is brought into the deployed position after having deactivated the coupling means, then the hollow core is advanced by driving it in rotation thanks to the first rotation device, until the device is brought pilot in retracted position. In this case, the pilot device is maintained in its angular correction position, during deployment, by the displacement device.
    When the second rotation device is present, the pilot device is locked in rotation - during the deployment of the pilot device - thanks to the second rotation device.
    Preferably, in the retracted position, the pilot device extends slightly beyond the lower end of the hollow core. Alternatively, the pilot device can be entirely housed in the hollow core.
    Advantageously, the displacement device is configured to move the pilot device in translation relative to the hollow core by jacking, driving or vibratory driving.
    Preferably, in its active state, the pilot device is in the deployed position, while in its passive state, the pilot device is in the retracted position.
    According to an advantageous embodiment, the connecting element comprises a dip tube which has a lower part provided with at least one injection hole, the dip tube being connected to a source of fluid supply.
    Such a dip tube is described in particular in FR 2 566 813 and FR 2 831 205. It makes it possible to inject fluid into the well during the ascent of the drilling device, in order to manufacture the column.
    Preferably, the injection hole is disposed above the lower end of the hollow core when the pilot device is in the deployed position. This injection hole is therefore also arranged above the lower end of the hollow core when the pilot device is in the retracted position.
    Advantageously, the measuring device comprises a deviation sensor disposed in the lower part of the hollow core.
    The deviation sensor makes it possible to measure a deviation distance, considered in a horizontal plane, between the actual position of the lower end of the hollow core and the theoretical drilling trajectory, generally vertical.
    Advantageously, the drilling system further comprises a member for measuring the depth reached by the drilling device, the measuring device is configured to measure an angle of deflection of the hollow core relative to a vertical direction, and the device control is configured to bring the pilot device into its active state - for example by actuating the second rotation device - when the ratio of the deflection distance to the depth reached by the drilling device is greater than or equal to a threshold predetermined, this threshold may depend on the depth
    In addition, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the control device can be configured to operate only from a certain depth, for example 3 m.
    For example, if the well has a desired depth of 20 m, the control device can be configured to be activated from 3 m in the event that a deviation distance greater than 2 cm is detected. Then, from a drilling depth of 15 m, the control device can be configured to be activated in the event that a deviation distance greater than 3 cm is detected.
    Thus, the deviation correction of the drilling device is carried out automatically and continuously during the drilling operation.
    Advantageously, drilling is carried out continuously, with alternating moments during which the drilling device moves with a trajectory deemed satisfactory, and moments during which the pilot device is locked in rotation in a defined angular position when the trajectory must be corrected on the grounds that the deviation is greater than a predetermined threshold.
    Advantageously, the drilling device is an auger, for example an auger as described in FR 2 566 813 or FR 2 831 205, or any other type of continuous auger.
    Advantageously, the pilot device comprises an inclined plane relative to a vertical plane, and the direction of correction of the trajectory is the direction corresponding to the intersection between the inclined plane and a vertical plane orthogonal to the inclined plane.
    The inclined face therefore acts as a sort of front rudder, in order to modify the trajectory of movement of the hollow core during the penetration of the drilling device into the ground.
    The invention also relates to a method of drilling a well in a ground according to a theoretical drilling trajectory, characterized in that:
    providing a drilling system according to any one of the preceding claims;
    the drilling device is introduced into the ground while rotating the hollow core, the pilot device being in its passive state;
    measuring the deviation of the hollow core in order to determine a direction of deviation of the drilling device with respect to the theoretical drilling trajectory;
    when a deviation greater than a predetermined threshold is measured, the pilot device is brought into its active state by orienting it and maintaining it relative to the ground in a determined angular position of correction so that, considered in a horizontal plane, the trajectory correction direction associated with the angular correction position is opposite to the deviation direction.
    We continue to introduce the drilling device into the ground and the pilot device, in its active state, has the effect of rotating the hollow core so as to cause it to return to the theoretical drilling trajectory.
    If the deviation measured falls back below the predetermined threshold, the pilot device is returned to its passive state.
    Advantageously, when a deviation is measured:
    the pilot device is brought into its active state by orienting and maintaining relative to the ground the pilot device in a determined angular position of correction so that, considered in a horizontal plane, the direction of trajectory correction associated with the angular position correction is opposed to the direction of deviation;
    the pilot device is brought into its deployed position;
    the hollow core is moved relative to the ground so that the displacement of the hollow core follows the displacement of the pilot device.
    The translational movement of the pilot device in the ground has the effect of modifying the inclination of the connecting element and of the hollow core. When the hollow core has caught up with the pilot device, the latter then being in the retracted position, the path of movement of the hollow core is corrected.
    Again, when the measured deviation is less than the predetermined threshold, the pilot device is returned to its passive state and to the retracted position.
    Brief description of the drawings
    The invention will be better understood on reading the following description of embodiments of the invention given by way of nonlimiting examples, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
    - Figure 1 is an overview of a drilling system according to the present invention;
    - Figure 2 is a detail view of the upper part of the drilling system of Figure 1;
    - Figure 3 is a detail view showing the lower part of the drilling device and the pilot device according to a first embodiment of the invention;
    - Figure 4A is a detail view showing the lower part of the drilling device and the pilot device according to a second embodiment of the invention, the pilot device being in the retracted position;
    - Figure 4B is a detail view of the drilling device of Figure 4A, the pilot device being in the deployed position;
    - Figure 5A illustrates the drilling system according to a first embodiment of the invention, during drilling, the trajectory not being deviated;
    - Figure 5B is a projection in the horizontal plane XY of the lower end of the drilling device of Figure 5A;
    - Figure 6A illustrates the drilling system of Figure 5A, the drilling device having deviated from the vertical theoretical path, the pilot device being in its active state in order to correct the deviation;
    - Figure 6B is a projection in the horizontal plane XY of the lower end of the drilling device of Figure 6A;
    - Figure 7A illustrates the drilling system of Figure 6A after correction of the trajectory;
    - Figure 7B is a projection in the horizontal plane XY of the lower end of the drilling device of Figure 7A;
    - Figure 8 illustrates a projection in the horizontal plane XY of the lower end of the drilling device when the latter has undergone a deviation along the axes X and Y;
    - Figures 9 to 12 illustrate a drilling method implemented by the drilling system according to the second embodiment, illustrating a trajectory correction after detection of deviation;
    - Figure 13 is a perspective view of a pilot device of the drilling system according to the invention;
    - Figure 14 is a side view of the pilot device of Figure 13;
    - Figure 15 is a diagram illustrating the actual trajectory of the drilling system of Figure 1 during a drilling operation; and
    - Figure 16 is a variant of the drilling system of Figure 2 devoid of a second rotating device.
    Detailed description of the invention
    Referring first to Figures 1 and 2, we will describe a drilling system 10 of well 9 in soil S, according to the present invention, for the manufacture of columns, such as molded piles.
    The drilling system comprises a platform 20 on which is mounted a guide mast 22 which is substantially vertical in the position of use. On this mast is mounted movable in vertical translation a carriage 24 which can be moved by means of cables 26 associated with a motor not shown. The carriage 24 carries a first rotation device 28 comprising a drilling head 29 allowing the rotation of a drilling device 30 comprising a hollow core 32 provided with a drilling tool 33, in this case a blade helical extending substantially over the entire length of the hollow core 32. In this example, the drilling device 30 is therefore a vertical auger with a hollow core.
    It can be seen that the hollow core 32 extends along a longitudinal axis L which is substantially vertical.
    Inside the hollow core 32 of the drilling device 30 is freely mounted a connecting element 36 which is able to rotate relative to the hollow core around the longitudinal axis L.
    In this example, the connecting element 36 has the form of a hollow tube whose lower end is equipped with a pilot device 40, which will be described in more detail below.
    A movable plate 42 is connected to the drilling head 29 by means of vertical cylinders 44. This plate 42, as illustrated in FIG. 2, receives the upper end 36a of the connecting element 36. In this embodiment , the drilling system further comprises a second rotation device 50, which is connected to the connecting element 36, for rotating the connecting element 36 and the pilot device 40 about the longitudinal axis L .
    In this example, the connecting element is a dip tube, the upper end of which is connected to a flexible pipe 52 for supplying the concrete or grout tube.
    As shown in Figure 2, the first rotation device 28 comprises a motor 51 for rotating the hollow core 32. In addition, a rotary joint 60 ensures the connection through the plate 42 between the upper end of the connecting element 36 and the flexible pipe 52. It is understood that the jacks 44 make it possible to modify the axial position of the connecting element 36 relative to the hollow core 32. In addition, the cable 26 for vertical displacement of the drilling head 29 or its drive motor is associated with a linear displacement sensor 62 which makes it possible to measure the vertical displacement of the drilling device. This displacement sensor constitutes a device for measuring the depth H reached by the drilling device.
    FIG. 3 illustrates the lower end 30b of the drilling system 30 according to a first embodiment of the invention.
    In the current drilling phase of the well 9, the connecting element 36 and the hollow core 32 can be fixed in rotation, for example by a dog clutch system, so that the pilot device 40 and the drilling device 30 rotate together in the same direction, without relative rotational movement between the connecting element 36 and the hollow core 32. According to another variant, illustrated in FIG. 3, the pilot device 40 can be rotated, by the second device rotation 50, in a direction of rotation opposite to the direction of rotation of the hollow core 32. As will be explained in more detail below, the second rotation device 50 is also capable of blocking the rotation of the connecting element 36 with respect to the ground S.
    In FIGS. 4A and 4B, a second embodiment of the drilling system according to the invention has been illustrated. This second embodiment is distinguished from the first by the fact that the drilling device 30 'includes a coupling device 70, in this example a dog clutch, to block the rotation of the pilot device 40' relative to the hollow core 32 ' . We also note that the pilot device 40 'is movable in translation relative to the hollow core 32' along the longitudinal axis L. The drilling system 10 ', the jacks 44 and the plate 42 constitute a displacement device 43 for move the pilot device 40 'in translation relative to the hollow core 32' along the longitudinal axis L, so that the pilot device 40 'has a deployed position, illustrated in FIG. 4B, and a retracted position illustrated in FIG. 4A .
    Also, when the jacks 44 are in the deployed position, the pilot device 40 'is in the retracted position, while when the jacks 44 are in the retracted position, the pilot device 40' is in the deployed position.
    The displacement device 43 is further configured to move the pilot device 40 'relative to the pilot device 32' by jacking, threshing or vibratory driving.
    To do this, the displacement device 43 could also be equipped with a vibrating head not illustrated here.
    In this example, the connecting element comprises a dip tube, which is provided in its lower part, with injection holes 65 which are masked by the hollow core 32 'when the pilot device 40' is in the retracted position. Preferably, the injection holes 65 are also masked by the hollow core when the pilot device is in the deployed position. In this case, the pilot device can also have a concreting position (not illustrated here) in which the pilot device is further deployed so that the injection holes are uncovered in order to allow concreting.
    For a more precise explanation of the usefulness of the injection holes 65, reference may be made to document FR 2 831 205 which describes in detail the process for manufacturing a pile using a continuous auger.
    In FIG. 16, a variant of the second embodiment is illustrated, in which the drilling system is devoid of a second device for rotating. In this case, the pilot device is put into rotation by the first rotation device 51 after the connecting element is coupled in rotation by the coupling device 70 with the hollow core.
    In the present invention, we are mainly interested in controlling the drilling trajectory of the drilling device.
    Using FIGS. 13 and 14, a description will now be given in more detail of the pilot device 40 ′ of the drilling system 10 ′ according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
    The pilot device 40 'has a cylindrical shape comprising a first end 40'a provided with a portion for fixing to the connecting element 36, and a second end part 40'b, opposite the first end part 40'a. The second end portion 40'b comprises a front face provided with cutting teeth D which form bulges. The pilot device 40 ′ furthermore comprises a pan P which is inclined relative to a plane passing through the axis A of the pilot device 40 ′. The angle of inclination between the pan P and the axis A of the pilot device 40 'is referenced a in FIG. 14. The pilot device 40' furthermore has projecting squares C which are part of the dog clutch system 70 described above. In this embodiment, the angle a has a value preferably between 15 ° and 25 °.
    The function of this specific form of the pilot device 40 ′ will be explained below.
    It is specified that the pilot device 40 according to the first embodiment has a shape similar to that of the pilot device 40 'according to the second embodiment. It stands out in particular by the fact that it does not have C squares.
    Whatever the embodiment considered, the drilling system includes a device 80 for measuring the deviation of the hollow core 32, 32 ′ to identify any deviation between the movement path of the drilling device and the theoretical drilling path. . In this example, the theoretical drilling trajectory is a vertical trajectory, the displacement trajectory of said drilling device being the actual trajectory of the drilling device.
    The device 80 for measuring deviation of the hollow core also comprises a deviation sensor 82 which is arranged in the lower part of the hollow core.
    The deviation measuring device 80 is also configured to determine a possible deviation direction DD of the drilling device with respect to the theoretical drilling trajectory, the direction of deviation being considered in a horizontal plane Q which is defined by the coordinate system XY .
    Furthermore, in accordance with the invention, the pilot device 40, 40 'has an active state in which the pilot device 40, 40' is oriented and maintained relative to the ground, preferably being locked in rotation relative to said ground S , in an angular correction position so as to correct the direction of movement T of the drilling device 30, 30 ′ in a direction of correction of trajectory DCT considered in the horizontal plane Q. The angular orientation and the blocking in rotation with respect to on the ground of the pilot device 40, 40 ′ are operated by the second rotation device 50.
    As illustrated in FIG. 4B, the direction of trajectory correction DCT corresponds to the intersection between the inclined plane P and a plane P 'which is vertical and perpendicular to the plane P. As explained above, we are interested in the projection in the horizontal plane Q of this trajectory correction direction.
    Referring to FIG. 4B, it can be seen that the configuration of the pilot device 40 '(as well as for the pilot device 40) has the effect that, in its active state, the pilot device 40' tends, when it is driven into the ground S, to move in translation according to the DCT trajectory correction illustrated in FIG. 4B, which has the effect of modifying the orientation of the connecting element and of the hollow core. It is also understood that, depending on the angular correction position, considered in a horizontal plane, it is possible to modify the direction of correction of trajectory DCT.
    When said pilot device is in its passive state, it is configured to rotate in the same direction and at the same speed as the hollow core, as mentioned previously, so that it does not modify the movement path of the drilling device .
    Alternatively, when said pilot device is in the passive state, the second rotation device is configured to rotate the pilot device 40, 40 'in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of the hollow core 32'.
    According to one or other of these variants, the pilot device 40, 40 ′ during use of the drilling device does not modify the path of movement of the hollow core, which is why it is said that the pilot device is in its passive state.
    The pilot device 40, 40 ′ is brought into its active state by blocking its relative rotational movement relative to the ground after having oriented it, thanks to the action of the second rotation device, in the angular position allowing obtain the desired trajectory correction direction. During the further introduction of the drilling device, the connecting element and the hollow core pivots in a vertical plane passing through the direction of trajectory correction DCT, which has the effect of bringing the longitudinal axis L of the hollow core 32, 32 'along the theoretical drilling trajectory V.
    The drilling system 10, 10 'further comprises a control device 100 which is configured to actuate the second rotation device 50 when a deviation is measured by the device 80, in order to bring the pilot device 40 , 40 ′ in its active state by blocking it in rotation relative to the ground in a determined angular position of correction so that, considered in the horizontal plane Q, the direction of correction of trajectory DCT associated with the angular position of correction is opposite to the deviation direction.
    In the variant of the second embodiment, illustrated in FIG. 16, in which the second rotation device 50 is absent, the control device 100 is configured to bring the pilot device into its active state by actuating the first setting device in rotation after actuating the coupling device 70.
    The control device 100 further comprises a calculating device 102 for calculating the angular position of correction from the deflection direction DD determined by the measuring device. The angular correction position is determined so that the trajectory correction direction DCT is opposite to the deviation direction. The control device controls the second rotation device in order to bring the pilot device into the desired angular correction position.
    The deflection sensor 82 is configured to measure a deviation distance d of the hollow core 32, 32 'from a vertical direction. This distance is considered in a horizontal plane passing through the deviation sensor. Furthermore, the control device is configured to actuate the second rotation device when the ratio of the deflection distance d to the depth H reached by the drilling device is greater than or equal to a threshold which may depend on the depth reached. For example, this threshold can be 0.3%.
    This will be explained in more detail using FIGS. 5A to 8 which describe a method of drilling a well in the ground S according to a theoretical drilling trajectory V, in this case vertical, using the system drilling according to the first embodiment of the invention.
    In FIG. 5A, the drilling device 30 has been illustrated. During drilling, the longitudinal axis L of the hollow core being parallel to the theoretical drilling direction V, these are therefore both vertical. The pilot device 40 is in its passive state and the pilot device is rotated by the second rotation device 50 in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of the hollow core 32.
    The drilling device 10 is therefore introduced into the ground while rotating the hollow core 32.
    The possible deviation of the hollow core 32 is measured using the device 80 for measuring the deviation of the hollow core in order to determine a direction of deviation DD of the drilling device with respect to the theoretical drilling trajectory V.
    In FIG. 5A, no deviation is detected. Also, considered in the horizontal plane Q, the pilot device 40 is located in the center of the coordinate system XY illustrated in FIG. 5B. '
    During drilling, as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 6A, a deviation illustrated by a deviation distance d is measured. This deviation distance d, measured at the depth H, for example 5m, being greater than a predetermined threshold, for example 2 cm, ie 0.4%, the control device controls the second rotation setting device so as to bring the pilot device 40 in its active state by orienting it and then blocking it in rotation relative to the ground S in an angular correction position determined so that, considered in the horizontal plane Q, the direction of trajectory correction DCT associated with the position correction angle is opposite to the deflection direction DD. It is understood that the deviation illustrated in FIG. 6A is schematic and exaggerated to facilitate understanding of the invention.
    Without departing from the scope of the present invention, other threshold values may be chosen by a person skilled in the art as a function of the desired drilling precision.
    In the example of FIG. 6B, in order to facilitate understanding, the direction of deflection DD as well as the direction of correction of trajectory DCT extend along the axis X. These two directions could however be non-parallel.
    Finally, in FIG. 7A, the position of the hollow core 32 has been illustrated after it is again aligned with the theoretical drilling trajectory V. The pilot device is then brought back to its passive state, for example by rotating in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of the hollow core 32. The drilling therefore continues until a deviation greater than a predetermined threshold is again measured.
    In FIG. 8, a case has been illustrated where the deflection direction extends in a direction not parallel to the X and Y axes. The operating principle is identical. The pilot device is brought into its active state by orienting it and blocking it relative to the ground, so that the direction of trajectory correction is opposite to the direction of deviation detected. The direction of correction of the trajectory DCT is determined so as to correct the verticality of the hollow core when the drilling device is driven into the ground.
    In Figures 9 to 12, there is illustrated a method of drilling a well according to a second embodiment, using the drilling system according to the second embodiment illustrated in Figures 4A and 4B.
    This second mode of implementation differs from the first in that, when a deviation greater than a predetermined threshold is measured, the pilot device 40 'is brought into its active state and into its deployed position, illustrated in FIG. 11, by example by translation and vibratory drilling. Then, the hollow core is moved relative to the ground so that the displacement of the hollow core follows the displacement of the pilot device, whereby the verticality of the trajectory of the hollow core is corrected, as illustrated in FIG. 12.
    The methods of drilling wells according to the first and second modes of implementation can advantageously be used within the framework of a method of manufacturing a column, such as a pile, method in which a fluid is injected into the well when raising the drilling device to form the column in the ground.
    Finally, in FIG. 14, the deflection curves of the drilling tool are illustrated as a function of the drilling depth. The GX curve illustrates the deviation along the X axis while the GY curve illustrates the deviation along the Y axis, and the GT curve illustrates the total deviation of the drilling device.
    It is understood that the pilot device is in its passive state up to a depth of about 8 meters, after which it is put in its active state up to about a depth of 12 meters, where it returns to its passive state. It can therefore be seen that the maximum deflection distance is around 3 cm for a depth of between 8 and 10 meters. In other words, during the drilling operation, the deviation expressed as a percentage is at most 0.375%, and therefore less than the critical limit of 0.5%.
    权利要求:
    Claims (17)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. A drilling system (10) for a well in a soil (S) according to a substantially vertical theoretical drilling trajectory, characterized in that it comprises:
    a drilling device (30) comprising a hollow core (32) having a longitudinal axis (L), the hollow core being provided with a drilling tool (33);
    a first rotating device (28) for rotating, around the longitudinal axis, the hollow core (32) and the drilling tool (33);
    a connecting element (36) extending inside the hollow core;
    a pilot device (40) disposed at the lower end of the connecting element; the pilot device presenting:
    an active state in which the pilot device is oriented and maintained relative to the ground (S) in an angular correction position, so as to correct the displacement path (T) of the drilling device (30, 309 in a correction direction trajectory (DCT) considered in a horizontal plane, and a passive state in which the pilot device does not modify the trajectory of movement of the drilling device;
    a device (80) for measuring the deviation of the hollow core (32, 329 for identifying a possible deviation between the movement trajectory of the drilling device and the theoretical drilling trajectory and determining a direction of deviation (DD) of the drilling with respect to the theoretical drilling trajectory (V), said direction of deviation being considered in the horizontal plane (Q);
    a control device configured to, when a deviation is measured, bring the pilot device in its active state into a determined angular position of correction so that, considered in the horizontal plane (Q), the direction of trajectory correction ( DCT) associated with the angular position of correction is opposite to the direction of deflection.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Drilling system according to claim 1, characterized in that the control device (100) further comprises a calculation device (102) for calculating the angular position of correction from the direction of deflection (DD) determined by the measuring device (80).
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. drilling system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pilot device (40, 403 is configured to rotate in the same direction and at the same speed as the hollow core (32, 323, when said pilot device is in the passive state.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Drilling system according to claim 3, characterized in that the drilling device (303 comprises a coupling device (70) to block the rotation of the pilot device (403 relative to the hollow core (329 when said pilot device is in the passive state.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Drilling system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises a second rotation device (50), connected to the connecting element (36), for rotating the connecting element and the pilot device around the longitudinal axis (L), in that the connecting element is able to rotate relative to the hollow core, and in that the control device is configured to actuate the second device for rotating when a deviation is measured in order to bring the pilot device in its active state into said angular correction position.
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. drilling system according to claim 5, characterized in that the second rotation device is configured to rotate the pilot device (40, 403 in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of the hollow core, when said device pilot is in the passive state.
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Drilling system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pilot device (403 is movable in translation relative to the hollow core (323, in that the drilling system further comprises a device for displacement (43) for displacing the pilot device (409 relative to the hollow core (329 along the longitudinal axis (L)) in translation, so that the pilot device (409 has a deployed position and a retracted position.
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. A drilling system according to claim 7, the displacement device (43) is configured to move the pilot device (409 relative to the hollow core (329 by jacking, threshing or vibratory drilling).
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. A drilling system according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, in its active state, the pilot device is in the deployed position, while, in its passive state, the pilot device is in the retracted position.
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. Drilling system according to claim 9, characterized in that the connecting element comprises a dip tube which has a lower part provided with at least one injection hole (65), the dip tube being connected to a source fluid supply (52).
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    11. Drilling system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device (85) for measuring the deviation of the hollow core comprises an inclination sensor (82) disposed in the lower part of the hollow core .
    [12" id="c-fr-0012]
    12. Drilling system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises a member for measuring the depth reached by the drilling device (30, 30 ^, in that the measuring device for deviation of the hollow core is configured to measure a deviation distance (d) of the hollow core from a vertical direction, and in that the control device is configured to bring the pilot device into its active state when the gear the deviation distance (d) over the depth (H) reached by the drilling device is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold.
    [13" id="c-fr-0013]
    13. Drilling system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drilling device (30, 30 7 ) is an auger.
    [14" id="c-fr-0014]
    14. Drilling system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pilot device (40Q comprises a pan (P) inclined relative to an axis (X) of the pilot device (409, and in that the direction of correction of the trajectory is the direction corresponding to the intersection between the inclined face and a vertical plane orthogonal to the inclined face.
    [15" id="c-fr-0015]
    15. Method for drilling a well in a soil (S) according to a theoretical drilling trajectory (V), characterized in that:
    providing a drilling system (40) according to any one of the preceding claims;
    the drilling device is introduced into the ground (S) while rotating the hollow core (32), the pilot device being in its passive state;
    measuring the deviation of the hollow core in order to determine a direction of deviation of the drilling device with respect to the theoretical drilling trajectory;
    when a deviation greater than a predetermined threshold is measured, the pilot device (40, 409 is brought into its active state by orienting it and then maintaining it relative to the ground (S) in an angular correction position determined in such a way that, considered in a horizontal plane (Q), the direction of trajectory correction (DCT) associated with the angular position of correction is opposite to the direction of deviation (DD).
    [16" id="c-fr-0016]
    16. A drilling method according to claim 15, in which a drilling system is provided (109 according to claim 7, a method in which, when a deviation is measured:
    the pilot device (40 7 ) is brought into its active state by orienting and maintaining relative to the ground the pilot device in a determined angular position of correction so that, considered in a horizontal plane, the direction of trajectory correction ( DCT) associated with the angular position of correction is opposite to the direction of deflection (DD);
    the pilot device is brought into its deployed position;
    we move the hollow core relative to the ground so that the
    5 displacement of the hollow core follows the displacement of the pilot device.
    [17" id="c-fr-0017]
    17. A method of manufacturing a column in the ground implementing the drilling method according to claims 15 or 16, in which a fluid is injected into the well during the ascent of the drilling device in order to form the column in floor.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    JP2020525676A|2020-08-27|
    WO2019002002A1|2019-01-03|
    US11085284B2|2021-08-10|
    KR20200026260A|2020-03-10|
    FR3068380B1|2020-12-11|
    US20200116006A1|2020-04-16|
    EP3645823A1|2020-05-06|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE8511302U1|1985-04-17|1986-07-24|Celler Maschinenfabrik Gebr. Schäfer GmbH & Co KG, 3100 Celle|Device for the direction-controlled advance of pipes according to the displacement principle|
    FR2831205A1|2001-10-24|2003-04-25|Cie Du Sol|Drilling method, for cast piling, turns and lowers drilling auger simultaneously with drillhead plunger tube, arrests auger and turns drilling tool to cause ground consolidation|
    US20070114068A1|2005-11-21|2007-05-24|Mr. David Hall|Drill Bit Assembly for Directional Drilling|
    US20120031677A1|2010-08-03|2012-02-09|Baker Hughes Incorporated|Directional wellbore control by pilot hole guidance|
    US20120080234A1|2010-10-01|2012-04-05|Hall David R|Drill Bit Steering Assembly|
    FR2566813B1|1984-06-29|1987-02-20|Soletanche|DEVICE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING CONCRETE PILES IN THE GROUND AND PILES OBTAINED BY THIS PROCESS|KR102247222B1|2019-03-06|2021-05-03|주식회사 태강기업|Regulating device for Vertical of AugerCrane|
    PE20220113A1|2019-05-21|2022-01-26|Hy Tech Drilling Ltd|Herramienta de correccion de agujeros de perforacion de diamante|
    CN111733813A|2020-07-16|2020-10-02|湖南建工集团有限公司|One-column one-pile manual and mechanical dry operation combined hole forming construction method|
    法律状态:
    2019-01-04| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20190104 |
    2020-06-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2021-05-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1756218|2017-06-30|
    FR1756218A|FR3068380B1|2017-06-30|2017-06-30|AUGER TYPE VERTICAL DRILLING SYSTEM EQUIPPED WITH A TRAJECTORY CORRECTION DEVICE|FR1756218A| FR3068380B1|2017-06-30|2017-06-30|AUGER TYPE VERTICAL DRILLING SYSTEM EQUIPPED WITH A TRAJECTORY CORRECTION DEVICE|
    JP2019572036A| JP2020525676A|2017-06-30|2018-06-18|Auger vertical drilling system with trajectory correction device|
    PCT/EP2018/066108| WO2019002002A1|2017-06-30|2018-06-18|Vertical drilling system of the auger type provided with a trajectory correction device|
    KR1020207002574A| KR20200026260A|2017-06-30|2018-06-18|Auger-type vertical drilling system with path correction device|
    EP18730798.8A| EP3645823A1|2017-06-30|2018-06-18|Vertical drilling system of the auger type provided with a trajectory correction device|
    US16/626,363| US11085284B2|2017-06-30|2018-06-18|Vertical drilling system of auger type provided with a trajectory correcting device|
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